Those people were purged after 1478 and either executed or forcibly resettled elsewhere. Some elite Novgorodian laymen and churchmen preferred either to remain independent or to have Lithuania as a suzerain rather than Moscow. The origins of the pomestie system (and also the service state) can be traced to Moscow's annexation of Novgorod in 1478. Thus no system of compensating servicemen by conditional grants of land developed at that time.
#Pommie cost free
Until the 1450s all peasants were free and could not be compelled to pay rent to anyone, and they could move at a moment's notice. During the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, servitors (probably military) at the Muscovite court may occasionally have been given temporary grants of land in exchange for service, but that was an extraordinarily uncertain form of compensation and therefore cannot have been used often. The first recorded use of the term was in 1499, but the phenomenon definitely existed before then. The origins of the pomestie are shrouded in the mists of the early Muscovite Middle Ages. It is dubious, however, that the Russian pomestie was borrowed from either, and it seems likely that it was an autonomous creation by the Russians themselves. The pomestie bears at least superficial resemblance to forms of land tenure elsewhere, especially the Byzantine pronoia and the Persian ikhta. There were no reciprocal rights and obligations between the Service Land Chancellery and the serviceman, and there was no subinfeudation. The pomestie was granted directly by the government's Service Land Chancellery ( Pomestny prikaz ) to a specific serviceman for his support in lieu of support of other kinds (such as cash, or feeding in barracks). Occasionally pomestie is translated a "military fief," but this is totally misleading. It has been calculated that this was far more efficient than paying servicemen entirely in cash: the transaction costs of collecting taxes, taking them to Moscow, and then paying them to the servicemen were likely to result in a fifty percent loss, whereas there was no such shrinkage when the rent and taxes did not go through Moscow. The pomestie was granted for use only to support the serviceman and his family (including slaves) by peasant rent payments to him in lieu of cash. Ideally, when the service ended, the landholder had to surrender the pomestie to another serviceman. Pomestie, "service landholding," was a parcel of land (hopefully inhabited by rent-paying peasants, later serfs ) in exchange for which the holder (not owner) had to render lifelong service to the state, typically military service, but occasionally service in the government bureaucracy.